发布事件

使用你的 Bird API 密钥以及 Realtime 应用的 key 和 secret 从服务器发布事件。切勿将应用 secret 包含在客户端代码中。若要让已订阅的客户端交换短暂信号，请在 private 或 presence 频道上使用客户端事件。

最简发布

事件需要一个名称和至少一个频道。可选的载荷可以包含任何 JSON 对象、数组或标量。

import { BirdClient } from "@messagebird/sdk";

const bird = new BirdClient({
  apiKey: process.env.BIRD_API_KEY,
  realtime: {
    key: process.env.BIRD_REALTIME_KEY,
    secret: process.env.BIRD_REALTIME_SECRET,
  },
});

await bird.realtime.publish("rap_01krdgeqcxet5s7t44vh8rt9mg", {
  event: "order-updated",
  channels: ["orders"],
  data: { id: 42, status: "shipped" },
});

import os

from bird import Bird

client = Bird(
    api_key=os.environ["BIRD_API_KEY"],
    realtime_key=os.environ["BIRD_REALTIME_KEY"],
    realtime_secret=os.environ["BIRD_REALTIME_SECRET"],
)

client.realtime.publish(
    "rap_01krdgeqcxet5s7t44vh8rt9mg",
    event="order-updated",
    channels=["orders"],
    data={"id": 42, "status": "shipped"},
)

client, err := bird.NewClient(
	option.WithAPIKey(os.Getenv("BIRD_API_KEY")),
	option.WithRealtimeCredentials(os.Getenv("BIRD_REALTIME_KEY"), os.Getenv("BIRD_REALTIME_SECRET")),
)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

_, err = client.Realtime.Publish(context.Background(), "rap_01krdgeqcxet5s7t44vh8rt9mg", bird.RealtimePublishParams{
	Event:    "order-updated",
	Channels: []string{"orders"},
	Data:     map[string]any{"id": 42, "status": "shipped"},
})

use MessageBird\Bird;
use MessageBird\RealtimeOptions;
use MessageBird\Wire\Model\RealtimePublish;

$bird = new Bird(
    getenv('BIRD_API_KEY') ?: '',
    realtime: new RealtimeOptions(
        key: getenv('BIRD_REALTIME_KEY') ?: '',
        secret: getenv('BIRD_REALTIME_SECRET') ?: '',
    ),
);

$bird->realtime->publish('rap_01krdgeqcxet5s7t44vh8rt9mg', (new RealtimePublish())
    ->setEvent('order-updated')
    ->setChannels(['orders'])
    ->setData(['id' => 42, 'status' => 'shipped']));

curl -X POST https://us1.platform.bird.com/v1/realtime/apps/rap_01krdgeqcxet5s7t44vh8rt9mg/events \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $BIRD_API_KEY" \
  -H "X-Realtime-Key: $BIRD_REALTIME_KEY" \
  -H "X-Realtime-Secret: $BIRD_REALTIME_SECRET" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "event": "order-updated",
    "channels": ["orders"],
    "data": { "id": 42, "status": "shipped" }
  }'

在 orders 上绑定了 order-updated 的客户端会收到该事件。API 会拒绝以协议前缀 bird: 或 bird_internal: 开头的服务器发布事件名称。客户端发起的事件名称必须以 client- 开头。

完整的请求和响应（包括每个字段）见发布事件参考文档。

200 的含义

发布在 Realtime 边缘节点接受事件后即完成。投递是异步的，没有针对每个客户端的回执。在投递期间断开连接的客户端可能错过该事件，Realtime 不会在重新连接后重放该事件。

将持久状态存储在数据库中。使用事件通知变更，然后让客户端在重新连接后重新加载当前状态。

广播到多个频道

一次调用可以将同一事件发送到最多 100 个频道。private-encrypted- 频道在发布时必须是唯一的目标频道，因为每个加密频道使用不同的密钥。API 会以 E23000 拒绝加密频道的扇出请求。参见加密频道。

await bird.realtime.publish(appId, {
  event: "price-changed",
  channels: ["ticker-btc", "ticker-eth", "ticker-sol"],
  data: { at: "2026-07-31T09:00:00Z" },
});

client.realtime.publish(
    app_id,
    event="price-changed",
    channels=["ticker-btc", "ticker-eth", "ticker-sol"],
    data={"at": "2026-07-31T09:00:00Z"},
)

_, err := client.Realtime.Publish(context.Background(), appID, bird.RealtimePublishParams{
	Event:    "price-changed",
	Channels: []string{"ticker-btc", "ticker-eth", "ticker-sol"},
	Data:     map[string]any{"at": "2026-07-31T09:00:00Z"},
})

$bird->realtime->publish($appId, (new RealtimePublish())
    ->setEvent('price-changed')
    ->setChannels(['ticker-btc', 'ticker-eth', 'ticker-sol'])
    ->setData(['at' => '2026-07-31T09:00:00Z']));

curl -X POST "https://us1.platform.bird.com/v1/realtime/apps/$APP_ID/events" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $BIRD_API_KEY" \
  -H "X-Realtime-Key: $BIRD_REALTIME_KEY" \
  -H "X-Realtime-Secret: $BIRD_REALTIME_SECRET" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "event": "price-changed",
    "channels": ["ticker-btc", "ticker-eth", "ticker-sol"],
    "data": { "at": "2026-07-31T09:00:00Z" }
  }'

每个目标频道按一条独立消息计入用量。本示例计为三条消息。向 10,000 个用户专属频道发布因此计为 10,000 条消息。

批量发送不相关的事件

广播将一个事件发送到多个频道。批量请求在一次请求中发送最多 10 个不同的事件，每个事件发送到一个频道。

await bird.realtime.publishBatch(appId, {
  events: [
    { event: "order-updated", channels: ["orders-42"], data: { status: "shipped" } },
    { event: "stock-changed", channels: ["inventory-99"], data: { left: 3 } },
  ],
});

client.realtime.publish_batch(
    app_id,
    events=[
        {"event": "order-updated", "channels": ["orders-42"], "data": {"status": "shipped"}},
        {"event": "stock-changed", "channels": ["inventory-99"], "data": {"left": 3}},
    ],
)

_, err := client.Realtime.PublishBatch(context.Background(), appID, bird.RealtimePublishBatchParams{
	Events: []bird.RealtimeBatchEventParams{
		{Event: "order-updated", Channel: "orders-42", Data: map[string]any{"status": "shipped"}},
		{Event: "stock-changed", Channel: "inventory-99", Data: map[string]any{"left": 3}},
	},
})

$bird->realtime->publishBatch($appId, (new RealtimeBatchPublish())
    ->setEvents([
        (new RealtimeBatchEvent())->setEvent('order-updated')->setChannel('orders-42')->setData(['status' => 'shipped']),
        (new RealtimeBatchEvent())->setEvent('stock-changed')->setChannel('inventory-99')->setData(['left' => 3]),
    ]));

curl -X POST "https://us1.platform.bird.com/v1/realtime/apps/$APP_ID/batch-events" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $BIRD_API_KEY" \
  -H "X-Realtime-Key: $BIRD_REALTIME_KEY" \
  -H "X-Realtime-Secret: $BIRD_REALTIME_SECRET" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "events": [
      { "event": "order-updated", "channel": "orders-42", "data": { "status": "shipped" } },
      { "event": "stock-changed", "channel": "inventory-99", "data": { "left": 3 } }
    ]
  }'

使用批量请求将不相关的更新合并到一个请求中。每个事件仍单独计入用量，一次批量最多接受 10 个事件。参见批量发布。

排除触发操作的客户端

如果客户端已在本地应用了其操作，传入其连接 ID 以防止后续的发布再次应用相同的变更。边缘节点仅跳过该连接。

await bird.realtime.publish(appId, {
  event: "message.created",
  channels: ["presence-room-1"],
  data: { body: "hello" },
  exclude_connection_id: "26896.319537",
});

client.realtime.publish(
    app_id,
    event="message.created",
    channels=["presence-room-1"],
    data={"body": "hello"},
    exclude_connection_id="26896.319537",
)

_, err := client.Realtime.Publish(context.Background(), appID, bird.RealtimePublishParams{
	Event:               "message.created",
	Channels:            []string{"presence-room-1"},
	Data:                map[string]any{"body": "hello"},
	ExcludeConnectionID: "26896.319537",
})

$bird->realtime->publish($appId, (new RealtimePublish())
    ->setEvent('message.created')
    ->setChannels(['presence-room-1'])
    ->setData(['body' => 'hello'])
    ->setExcludeConnectionId('26896.319537'));

curl -X POST "https://us1.platform.bird.com/v1/realtime/apps/$APP_ID/events" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $BIRD_API_KEY" \
  -H "X-Realtime-Key: $BIRD_REALTIME_KEY" \
  -H "X-Realtime-Secret: $BIRD_REALTIME_SECRET" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "event": "message.created",
    "channels": ["presence-room-1"],
    "data": { "body": "hello" },
    "exclude_connection_id": "26896.319537"
  }'

从客户端的当前连接中读取 ID，并将其包含在触发变更的请求中。其他标签页使用独立连接，仍会收到该事件。

在发布时读取频道状态

使用 include 在发布时返回每个目标频道的状态，从而避免单独的频道状态请求：

const result = await bird.realtime.publish(appId, {
  event: "order-updated",
  channels: ["presence-lobby"],
  data: { id: 42 },
  include: ["member_count", "connection_count"],
});

result = client.realtime.publish(
    app_id,
    event="order-updated",
    channels=["presence-lobby"],
    data={"id": 42},
    include=["member_count", "connection_count"],
)

result, err := client.Realtime.Publish(context.Background(), appID, bird.RealtimePublishParams{
	Event:    "order-updated",
	Channels: []string{"presence-lobby"},
	Data:     map[string]any{"id": 42},
	Include:  []bird.RealtimeChannelInclude{bird.RealtimeIncludeMemberCount, bird.RealtimeIncludeConnectionCount},
})

$result = $bird->realtime->publish($appId, (new RealtimePublish())
    ->setEvent('order-updated')
    ->setChannels(['presence-lobby'])
    ->setData(['id' => 42])
    ->setInclude(['member_count', 'connection_count']));

curl -X POST "https://us1.platform.bird.com/v1/realtime/apps/$APP_ID/events" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $BIRD_API_KEY" \
  -H "X-Realtime-Key: $BIRD_REALTIME_KEY" \
  -H "X-Realtime-Secret: $BIRD_REALTIME_SECRET" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "event": "order-updated",
    "channels": ["presence-lobby"],
    "data": { "id": 42 },
    "include": ["member_count", "connection_count"]
  }'

member_count 仅适用于 presence 频道。connection_count 需要在应用上启用连接计数。请求这些属性会额外计为一条消息计入用量。

限制

限制项	值
每次发布的频道数	100
每次批量的事件数	10
事件载荷	序列化后 10 KB
频道名称	164 个字符，包括字母、数字和 _ - = @ , . ;
事件名称	200 个字符

超出任何限制会返回验证错误。API 不会截断请求。

安全重试

使用相同的 Idempotency-Key 重试发布以避免重复投递。TypeScript 和 Go SDK 会生成一个密钥并在自动重试时复用。如果你的应用自行重试请求，请提供并复用自己的密钥。参见幂等性。

后续步骤

频道授权是 private- 或 presence- 频道在客户端订阅前所需的步骤。
Realtime 概述介绍了频道、成员和连接，以及用量的展示位置。
排除事件接收者防止触发操作的客户端收到自己的变更。

相关资源